Nanoemulsion is a new drug delivery method that employs a colloidal droplet system to enhance the efficacy of drugs

 

Nanoemulsion

A nanoemulsion is a very small, fine-grained emulsion. It is produced by shearing a mixture of two immiscible liquid phases containing one or more surfactants or co-surfactants. This type of emulsion is extremely useful for a wide range of applications. It is ideal for coatings, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. This new type of emulsion is particularly useful for applications where small particle size is an issue.

For a pharmaceutical or cosmetic application, a Nanoemulsion has a high viscosity. It can have between two and three centipoise. In other medical applications, the oil content can range from five to twenty percent. Medium-chain triglycerides are often used in these formulations rather than natural oils with long-chain fatty acids. Both the oil and the drug must be GRAS-certified and approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Accelerated stability studies determine the shelf-life of a nanoemulsion. A formulation is stored at three distinct ambient temperature and humidity conditions for almost three months. During this time, samples are taken out and analyzed using HPLC at various values. For the same reason, the ratio of oil to water is manipulated to create a more uniform nanoemulsion. In addition, the Wong method is more affordable than many other methods.

Nanoemulsions are a versatile drug delivery system. They are compatible with all routes of administration. While the cost of manufacturing a nanoemulsion is high, the future outlook is very promising. This type of formulation is also a great candidate for cancer-fighting vaccines. For instance, in March 2022, BlueWillow Biologics, a nasal vaccine developer in the U.S., reported positive outcomes for its BW-1019, an intranasal COVID-19 booster candidate, using the company’s proprietary nanoemulsion technology for efficient vaccine administration.

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A nanoemulsion consists of aqueous and oil phases. The oil can be any type, including vegetable oils. Upon mixing water and oil, they will form a crude emulsion. The two different phases will then separate. The emulsifying agent imparts stability to the emulsion. The emulsifying agent can be any chemical that has a similar surface to that of the solvent.

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